03+Matter+and+Energy

=Objectives=
 * __Chapter 3 Section I: Measurements and Their Uncertainty__**
 * How do measurements relate to science?
 * How do you evaluate accuracy and precision?
 * Why must measurements be reported to the correct number of significant figures?
 * How does the precision of a calculate answer compare to the precision of the measurements used to obtain it?
 * __Chapter 3 Section II: The International System of Units__**
 * Which five SI base units do chemists commonly use?
 * What metric units are commonly used to measure length, volume, mass, temperature, and energy?
 * __Chapter 3 Section III: Conversion Problems__**
 * What happens when a measurement is multiplied by a conversion factor?
 * Why is it dimensional analysis useful?
 * What types of problems easily solved by using dimensional analysis?
 * __Chapter 3 Section IV: Density__**
 * What determines the density of a substance?

=Outlined Notes= I. Using and Expressing Measurements A. measurement-a quantitative desscription that includes both a number and a unit B. Measurements are fundamental to the
 * Chapter 3 Measurements and Their Uncertainty

III. Conversion Problems A. Conversion Factors 1. Many quantities can be epressed in several different ways. a. IV. Density A. Determining density 1. __density-__ the ratio of the mass of an object to its vloume.**

2. density is an intensive property that depends only on the composition of a substance, not the size of it. B. Density and Temperature 1. volume of most substances increases with temperature; mass stays the same. 2. the density of a substance generally decreases as its temperature increases.

Ch. 3 Section II A. Measuring With SI Units 1. measurements depend on units that serve as reference standards 2. __International System Of Units (SI)__- revised version of the metric system 3. chemists use the meter, kilogram, kelvin, second, and mole B. Units and Quantities 1. Units Of Length a. __meter__- basic unit of SI length

b. common metric units of length include centimeter, meter, and kilometer 2. Units Of Volume a. __liter__- volume of a 10 cm cube along each edge b. common metric units of volume include liter, milliliter, cubic centimeter, and microliter 3. Units Of Mass a. __kilogram__- mass of 1 L of liquid water at 4 C, basic SI mass unit b. __gram__-1/1000 of a kg, mass of 1 cm cubed water at 4 C c. Common metric units of mas are kilogram, gram, milligram, microgram d. __weight__- froce measuring pull on a given mass by gravity 4. Units Of Temperature a. __temperature__- measure of how hot/cold an object is b. Scientists commony use degree Celsius and Kelvin c. __Celsius Scale__- freeze at 0 and boil at 100 d. __Kelvin Scale__- freeze at 273.15 and boil at 373.15 e. __absolute zero__- 0 K and -273.15 5. Units of Energy a. __energy__- capacity to do work/ produce heat b. The joule and calorie are common units of energy c. __joule__- SI energy unit d. __calorie__- quantity of heat that raises the temperature of pure water by 1 C Chapter 3 III. Conversion Problems A. Conversion Factors B. Dimensional Analysis C. Converting Between Units
 * 1) When a meaurement is multiplied by a conversion factor, the numerical value is generally changed, but the actual size of the quantity measured remains the same.
 * 2) conversion factor - a ratio of equivalent measurements
 * 1) Dimensional analysis provides you with an altenative approach to problem solving.
 * 2) Dimensional analysis - a way to analyze and solve problems using the units, or dimesions, of the measurements.
 * 1) Problems in which a measurement with one unit is converted to an equivalent measurement with another unit are easily solved using dimensional analysis.

Chapter 3 IV. Density A. Determining Density B. Density and Temperature
 * 1) Density is an intensive property that depends only on the composition of a substance, not on the size of the sample.
 * 2) Density - the ratio of the mass of an object to its volume.
 * 1) The density of a substance generally decreases as its temperature increases

=Reference Pages=



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== = = == = = = = = = = = == = = =Practice Problems= = = =|| **Question 1** || How many millimeters are present in 20.0 inches? || || **Question 2** || The volume of a wooden block is 6.30 in3. This is equivalent to how many cubic centimeters? || || **Question 3** || A sample of calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2, with a formula weight of 164 g/mol, has 5.00 x 1027 atoms of oxygen. How many kilograms of Ca(NO3)2 are present? ||= = 1) How many centimeters are in 6.00 inches?= == =2) Express 24.0 cm in inches.= == =(3) How many seconds are in 2.0 years?= == = = =percent error= =___|__error|__ X 100% accepted value Significant Figures: 1000= 1 sig fig. 1000. = 4 sig figs. 1234 = 4 sig figs. 1000.10 = 6 sig figs.= = == =Assignments= = = ==== =Labs= = = ==== =Sample Test= =[]= =[]= =[]= [] =Practice Quiz= =[]= =[]= =[1394] = == = = =**Links**= =[] [] [] [] = =[]= =[]= =[]= =[]= =[]= =[] []= = = =http://www.chem.tamu.edu/class/fyp/mathrev/mr-da.html= http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_intro.html [] [] [|http://www.iun.edu/~cpanhd/C101webnotes/composition/dalton.htmlhttp://phs.psdr3.org/science/conceptscourses/matterenergy/indexa.html]